MPL-Distro

MPL-Distro is a Solana program that distributes an existing SPL token to a list of wallets or legacy NFT holders. It stores a compact Merkle root on-chain instead of the full recipient list.

Summary

MPL-Distro commits a recipient list as one on-chain Merkle root, holds the tokens in a vault, and records each successful claim so it cannot be reused.

• Distribute an existing SPL token mint without storing the full recipient list on-chain.
• Target wallet addresses or current holders of specific legacy NFT mints.
• Choose permissionless, recipient-only, or permissioned claim submission.
• Recover unclaimed tokens and unused receipt-rent subsidies after the claim window.

MPL-Distro Distribution Model

A Merkle tree turns the recipient list into one 32-byte hash (the root). Each recipient later proves they are on that list with a short proof, so the full list never has to live on-chain.

1. The distribution authority builds an off-chain list containing each recipient, amount, and optional nonce.
2. prepareDistribution creates the Merkle root and one proof per allocation.
3. createDistribution stores the root, claim window, mint, and access rules.
4. deposit transfers the full token allocation to the distribution's associated token account.
5. distribute or distributeToLegacyNft verifies a proof and creates a permanent claim receipt.
6. withdraw returns unclaimed tokens after the distribution is inactive.

MPL-Distro Distribution Types

MPL-Distro supports wallet-address allocations and legacy NFT-mint allocations through separate claim instructions.

The LegacyNft type pays the wallet that currently owns a listed NFT mint. See Legacy NFT Distribution for which NFTs qualify and how ownership is checked.

MPL-Distro Allowed Distributor Modes

The allowed distributor mode controls who may submit a valid Merkle claim transaction.

Permissionless submission does not redirect tokens: the program always sends the allocation to the recipient's canonical associated token account.

MPL-Distro Protocol Fees

A successful Merkle claim charges a protocol fee, paid by the claim transaction payer.

See Protocol Fees for the current amounts across Metaplex programs.

Notes

MPL-Distro's on-chain checks protect claims but do not replace off-chain allocation validation.

• totalClaimants is metadata and does not cap the number of valid proofs.
• Deposits are not checked against the sum of all Merkle allocations; fund the vault with enough tokens before claims begin.
• Claim receipts are not closed, so their rent remains allocated.
• The program targets the original SPL Token program rather than Token-2022.
• MPL-Distro does not provide vesting, streaming, partial claims, or structured program events.

FAQ

What is MPL-Distro used for?

MPL-Distro distributes an existing SPL token allocation to a fixed list of wallet addresses or legacy NFT mints through Merkle proofs.

Is MPL-Distro a token launchpad?

No. MPL-Distro distributes an existing mint; use Genesis when you need a token generation event, sale, launch pool, or bonding curve.

Can someone pay transaction fees for recipients?

Yes. Permissionless distributions let any payer submit a valid claim for a recipient, while Recipient and Permissioned modes restrict who may submit it.

Does MPL-Distro support vesting?

No. MPL-Distro releases each Merkle allocation in one claim; use Genesis project vesting for schedule-based project allocations.

Glossary

MPL-Distro uses Merkle proofs and deterministic accounts to verify and record token allocations.